Posture Assessment: Pronation Distortion

Observation:   Foot pronation, adducted and internally rotated knees

Overused (tight) Muscles

• Plantar Flexion:   Gastrocnemius, Soleus
• Hip Adductors
• Hip Flexors
• Hip Internal Rotation:  Tensor Fascia Latae
• Tibial External Rotation:   Biceps Femoris (Short Head)

Underused (weak) Muscles

• Foot Inversion:  Posterior tibialis
• Dorsi Flexion:  Anterior tibialis
• Knee Extension (Medial):  Vastus medialis
• Hip External Rotation:  Gluteus medius / maximus

Altered Joint Mechanics

Increases:

• Knee adduction
• Knee internal rotation
• Foot pronation
• Foot external rotation

Decreases

• Ankle dorsi flexion
• Ankle inversion

Possible Injuries

• Plantar fasciitis
• Posterior tibialis tendonitis (shin splints)
• Patellar tendonitis
• Low back pain